Protests are intensifying across Iran, creating an increasingly unstable security environment. The situation may deteriorate further, with the risk of violent clashes, arrests, and injuries. Authorities have expanded security measures, implemented road closures, disrupted public transportation, and imposed widespread restrictions on mobile networks, landlines, and the national internet.
Airlines continue to limit or cancel flights to and from Iran, with several carriers suspending service at least until Friday, January 16. U.S. citizens should anticipate ongoing internet outages, prepare alternative methods of communication, and, if it is safe to do so, consider departing Iran by land through Armenia or Türkiye.
Recommended Actions
- Depart Iran immediately. Your exit plan should not depend on assistance from the U.S. government.
- If departure is not possible, remain in a secure location within your residence or another safe building and maintain sufficient supplies of food, water, medications, and other essentials.
- Avoid demonstrations, keep a low profile, and remain alert to changes in your surroundings.
- Monitor local media closely and be prepared to adjust plans as conditions evolve.
- Keep your phone charged and maintain contact with family and friends to inform them of your status.
- Enroll in the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP) to receive the latest security updates for Iran.
Important Information for Departing Iran
U.S.–Iranian dual nationals are required to exit Iran using an Iranian passport. Iran does not recognize dual nationality and treats such individuals solely as Iranian citizens. U.S. nationals face a significant risk of questioning, arrest, or detention. Displaying a U.S. passport or demonstrating ties to the United States may be sufficient grounds for detention by Iranian authorities.
The U.S. government cannot guarantee safety when departing via the routes listed below. You should proceed only if you assess the situation as safe enough to travel.
Armenia
As of Monday, January 12, the Agarak/Norduz land border crossing remains open. U.S. citizens may enter Armenia with a valid U.S. passport and stay visa-free for up to 180 days. Those requiring assistance should contact the U.S. Embassy in Yerevan (ACSYerevan@state.gov) and provide their name, date of birth, passport details (number, issue and expiration dates), intended border crossing, and a photo of the passport biographic page.
Türkiye
As of January 12, land border crossings between Iran and Türkiye—Gürbulak/Bazargan, Kapıköy/Razi, and Esendere/Serow—remain open. U.S.–Iranian dual nationals entering Türkiye on Iranian or Turkish passports do not require prior authorization. U.S. citizens intending to enter on a U.S. passport, or those without valid travel documents, should contact the U.S. Embassy in Ankara (Ankara-ACS@state.gov) in advance with their personal and passport information, border crossing details, and a photo of the passport biographic page.
Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan’s land borders are open; however, U.S. citizens must obtain special authorization from the Government of Turkmenistan before approaching the border. This process must be facilitated by the U.S. Embassy in Ashgabat. Requests should be sent to AshgabatUScitizen@state.gov with full personal and passport details and the intended border crossing.
Other Routes
Entry into Azerbaijan from Iran may be restricted for U.S. citizens during periods of heightened regional tension, as seen during previous conflicts. Alternative departure routes are strongly recommended. Travel to Afghanistan, Iraq, or the Pakistan–Iran border region is strongly discouraged.
Consular Assistance
The United States does not maintain diplomatic or consular relations with the Islamic Republic of Iran. The Swiss government serves as the protecting power for U.S. interests in Iran through its embassy in Tehran.
Embassy of Switzerland in Tehran – Foreign Interests Section:
Phone: +98-21-22-54-21-78, +98-21-22-56-52-73, +98-21-22-77-24-63
Email: tehran.fi@eda.admin.ch
Source: Official U.S. government security advisory and guidance issued for U.S. citizens currently in Iran.